{"id":4082,"date":"2017-03-26T22:36:06","date_gmt":"2017-03-27T03:36:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp.stolaf.edu\/chemical-hygiene\/?page_id=4082"},"modified":"2023-06-07T08:12:19","modified_gmt":"2023-06-07T13:12:19","slug":"sops-flammables-organic-peroxides-self-heating-emits-flammable-gas","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/wp.stolaf.edu\/chemical-hygiene\/sops-flammables-organic-peroxides-self-heating-emits-flammable-gas\/","title":{"rendered":"SOPs: Flammables, Organic Peroxides, Self-Heating, Emits Flammable Gas; Self-Reactives"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-modular-content-collection><h3><a href=\"https:\/\/wp.stolaf.edu\/chemical-hygiene\/files\/2016\/05\/GHS_Flame.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-3244\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"3244\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/wp.stolaf.edu\/chemical-hygiene\/chemicals-standard-operating-procedures\/ghs_flame\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/wp.stolaf.edu\/chemical-hygiene\/files\/2016\/05\/GHS_Flame.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"1017,1017\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"GHS_Flame\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/wp.stolaf.edu\/chemical-hygiene\/files\/2016\/05\/GHS_Flame.jpg\" class=\"alignright wp-image-3244 size-thumbnail\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.stolaf.edu\/chemical-hygiene\/files\/2016\/05\/GHS_Flame-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" \/><\/a>Flammables (Liquids, Aerosols, Gases, Solids)<\/h3>\n<span class=\"collapseomatic arrowright\" id=\"id69e37b9b7a78e\"  tabindex=\"0\" title=\"\u2022 &lt;strong&gt;Definitions and Other Important Information&lt;\/strong&gt;\"    >\u2022 <strong>Definitions and Other Important Information<\/strong><\/span><div id=\"target-id69e37b9b7a78e\" class=\"collapseomatic_content \">\n<ul>\n<li>Flammable and combustible substances\u00a0release vapors, and it is the vapors that can ignite and are therefore a common source of fire hazard. \u00a0Laboratories routinely use aerosols, gases, liquids, and\u00a0solids; the gases pose special hazards since leakage or escape of the gas can produce an explosive atmosphere in the laboratory.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200):<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>GHS<\/strong>\u00a0Definitions, Signal Words, and Hazard Statements\u00a0are summarized\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/wp.stolaf.edu\/chemical-hygiene\/files\/2015\/08\/GHS-Classes-Categories_Physical.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">in this table<\/a>\u00a0for each Flammables Hazard Class\u00a0(Liquids, Aerosols, Gases, Solids).<\/li>\n<li>Detailed descriptions are found in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.osha.gov\/dsg\/hazcom\/hazcom-appendix-b.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Appendix B of 1910.1200<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>NFPA 30<\/strong> (&#8220;Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code&#8221;)<strong>:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Flammable: Class IA\u00a0\u2010\u00a0Flash Point less than 73\u00b0F; Boiling Point less than 100\u00b0F<\/li>\n<li>Flammable:\u00a0Class IB\u00a0\u2010\u00a0Flash Point less than 73\u00b0F; Boiling Point equal to or greater than 100\u00b0F<\/li>\n<li>Flammable:\u00a0Class IC\u00a0\u2010\u00a0Flash Point equal to or greater than 73\u00b0F, but less than 100\u00b0F<\/li>\n<li>Combustible:\u00a0Class II\u00a0\u2010\u00a0Flash Point equal to or greater than 100\u00b0F, but less than 140\u00b0F<\/li>\n<li>Combustible:\u00a0Class IIIA\u00a0\u2010\u00a0Flash Point equal to or greater than 140\u00b0F, but less than 200\u00b0F<\/li>\n<li>Combustible: Class IIIB &#8211; Flash Point equal to or greater than 200\u00b0F<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>NFPA 704<\/strong> (&#8220;Standard System for the Identification of the Hazards of Materials for Emergency Response&#8221; or &#8220;NFPA Hazard Diamond&#8221;)<strong>:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>0<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Substance <strong>will not burn<\/strong> under typical fire conditions.<\/li>\n<li><strong>1<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>Flashpoint \u2265 93.4\u00b0C<br \/>\n<\/strong><strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Flashpoint \u2265 200\u00b0F \u00a0<\/strong>Substance requires considerable preheating, under ambient temperature conditions, before ignition and combustion can occur.<\/li>\n<li><strong>2<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>93.4\u00b0C &gt; Flashpoint \u2265 37.8\u00b0C<br \/>\n<\/strong><strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 200\u00b0F &gt; Flashpoint \u2265 100\u00b0F \u00a0<\/strong>Substance must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high ambient temperatures before ignition can occur.<\/li>\n<li><strong>3<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>37.8\u00b0C<\/strong> <strong>&gt; Flashpoint \u2265 22.8\u00b0C<\/strong>\u00a0 <strong>or [(22.8\u00b0C &gt; Flashpoint) and (Boiling Point \u2265 37.8\u00b0C)]\n<\/strong><strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 100\u00b0F &gt; Flashpoint \u2265 73\u00b0F\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>or [(73\u00b0F &gt; Flashpoint) and (Boiling Point \u2265 100\u00b0F)] \u00a0<\/strong>Substance can be readily ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions.<\/li>\n<li><strong>4<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>22.8\u00b0C<\/strong> <strong>&gt; Flashpoint and 37.8\u00b0C<\/strong> <strong>&gt; Boiling Point<br \/>\n<\/strong><strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 73\u00b0F &gt; Flashpoint and 100\u00b0F &gt; Boiling Point<br \/>\n<\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Substance will rapidly or completely vaporize at ambient temperature and will burn readily.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><br class=\"none\" \/><br class=\"none\" \/><span class=\"collapseomatic arrowright\" id=\"id69e37b9b7a895\"  tabindex=\"0\" title=\"\u2022 &lt;strong&gt;Standard Operating Procedures&lt;\/strong&gt;\"    >\u2022 <strong>Standard Operating Procedures<\/strong><\/span><div id=\"target-id69e37b9b7a895\" class=\"collapseomatic_content \">\n<ul>\n<li>Know the flammability properties of the chemicals being used.\u00a0 Pay particular attention to substances with a GHS Hazard Category of 1 or 2, or an NFPA fire hazard rating of 3 or 4.<\/li>\n<li>Containers must have the <a href=\"https:\/\/wp.stolaf.edu\/chemical-hygiene\/ghs-labeling-requirements-in-rns-laboratories\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">required identifying labels<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Amounts in Labs. \u00a0<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Maximum Container Size on Benchtop\/Shelves.<\/strong> \u00a0&#8220;Secondary&#8221; and\u00a0\u201cImmediate Use\u201d containers with small quantities of flammables (\u2264 500 ml) that have a GHS Category 2, 3, or 4 (or an NFPA 704 rating of \u2264 3) can be used\/stored on the laboratory countertops &amp; shelves, provided that they are kept in secondary containment (spill) trays.<\/li>\n<li>When handling\u00a0larger containers (&gt; 500 ml) use a fume hood. \u00a0 Store these\u00a0in the flammables cabinet.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Total Amount on Benchtop\/Shelves.<\/strong> \u00a0Within individual laboratories, storage of flammable liquids (including wastes) outside of approved flammable storage cabinets or safety cans (i.e., open shelves &amp; countertops) must not exceed 10 gallons per 100 square feet of laboratory space, or 600 gallons total (NPFA 45: &#8220;Fire Protection for Laboratories Using Chemicals&#8221;). \u00a0There is no laboratory within RNS that comes close to these limits.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Eliminate ignition sources from areas where flammable substances are handled or stored.\u00a0 Ignition sources include electrical equipment, open flames, static electricity, and hot surfaces.<\/li>\n<li>When heating flammable materials:\n<ul>\n<li>Never use an open flame.<\/li>\n<li>Use heat sources such as steam baths, water baths, oil baths, heating mantles or hot air baths.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Never heat a closed container<\/strong> (even in a microwave).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Heat open containers only in a fume hood, with the sash pulled down completely.<\/li>\n<li>When transferring flammable liquids from one container to another:\n<ul>\n<li>The preferred method is to transfer substances within a fume hood.<\/li>\n<li>If transferring from one metal container to another metal container, ground both containers (to avoid static sparks).<\/li>\n<li>Avoid transferring from one plastic container to another plastic container since they require special grounding techniques.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Before introducing flammable gases into a reaction vessel, the equipment should be purged either by evacuation or with an inert gas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><strong><br class=\"none\" \/>Organic Peroxides and Peroxide Forming Substances<\/strong><\/h3>\n<span class=\"collapseomatic arrowright\" id=\"id69e37b9b7a8e5\"  tabindex=\"0\" title=\"\u2022 &lt;strong&gt;Definition and Other Important Information&lt;\/strong&gt;\"    >\u2022 <strong>Definition and Other Important Information<\/strong><\/span><div id=\"target-id69e37b9b7a8e5\" class=\"collapseomatic_content \">\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Hazard Communication Standard (29CFR 1910.1200): \u00a0<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>A liquid or solid organic chemical which contains the bivalent -0-0- structure and as such is considered a derivative of hydrogen peroxide, where one or both of the hydrogen atoms have been replaced by organic radicals. \u00a0Organic peroxides are thermally unstable chemicals, which may undergo exothermic self-accelerating decomposition.<\/li>\n<li><strong>GHS Hazard Categories, Signal Words, and Hazard Statements<\/strong>\u00a0are summarized\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/wp.stolaf.edu\/chemical-hygiene\/files\/2015\/08\/GHS-Classes-Categories_Physical.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">in this table<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Detailed descriptions are found in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.osha.gov\/dsg\/hazcom\/hazcom-appendix-b.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Appendix B of 1910.1200<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Organic Peroxides are one of the more hazardous classes of chemicals commonly found in the laboratory.\u00a0 Generally they are low-power explosives, but they are extremely sensitive to shock, sparks, and other forms of accidental ignition.<\/li>\n<li>Organic Peroxides are highly flammable.<\/li>\n<li>There are also many potentially hazardous compounds that auto-oxidize when exposed to air and form hydroperoxides and peroxides. \u00a0Some of the chemicals form peroxides that are violently explosive in concentrated solution or as solids, and therefore should never be evaporated to dryness. \u00a0Others are polymerizable unsaturated compounds and can initiate a runaway, explosive polymerization reaction.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><br class=\"none\" \/><br class=\"none\" \/><span class=\"collapseomatic arrowright\" id=\"id69e37b9b7a92a\"  tabindex=\"0\" title=\"\u2022 &lt;strong&gt;Examples&lt;\/strong&gt;\"    >\u2022 <strong>Examples<\/strong><\/span><div id=\"target-id69e37b9b7a92a\" class=\"collapseomatic_content \">\n<p>The most commonly used peroxide-formers in use at St. Olaf are Tetrahydrofuran (THF) and Diethyl Ether.<\/p>\n<p><strong><b>Severe Peroxide Hazard with Exposure to Air<\/b> <\/strong>(discard within 3 months of opening)<strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<div class=\"jwl_one_half\"><strong>Organics<\/strong><br \/>\n\u2022 Divinyl ether<br \/>\n\u2022 Divinyl acetylene (DVA)<br \/>\n\u2022 Isopropyl ether (Diisopropyl ether)<br \/>\n\u2022 Vinylidene chloride (1,1-dichloroethylene)<br \/>\n<\/div><div class=\"jwl_one_half last\"><strong>Inorganics<\/strong><br \/>\n\u2022 Potassium amide<br \/>\n\u2022 Potassium metal<br \/>\n\u2022 Sodium amide (sodamide)<\/div><div class=\"clearboth\"><\/div>\n<p><strong><br class=\"none\" \/><\/strong><b>Peroxide Hazard on Concentration<\/b> (Do not distill or evaporate without first testing for the presence of peroxides. \u00a0Discard or test for peroxides after 6 months):<\/p>\n<div class=\"jwl_one_third\">\u2022 Acetal (acetaldehyde diethyl acetal)<br \/>\n\u2022 Acetaldehyde<br \/>\n\u2022 Benzyl alcohol<br \/>\n\u2022 2-Butano<br \/>\n\u2022 Cumene ((isopropylbenzene)<br \/>\n\u2022 Cyclohexene<br \/>\n\u2022 Cyclohexanol<br \/>\n\u2022 2-Cyclohexen-1-ol<br \/>\n\u2022 Cyclopentene<br \/>\n\u2022 Decahydronaphthalene (decalin)<br \/>\n\u2022 Dicyclopentadiene<br \/>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"jwl_one_third\">\u2022 Diethyl ether (ether)<br \/>\n\u2022 Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether (Diglyme)<br \/>\n\u2022 Dioxane<br \/>\n\u2022 Ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (Glyme)<br \/>\n\u2022 Ethylene glycol ether acetates<br \/>\n\u2022 Ethylene glycol monoether<br \/>\n\u2022 Furan<br \/>\n\u2022 4-Heptanol<br \/>\n\u2022 Methyl acetylene<br \/>\n\u2022 Methy isobutyl ketone<br \/>\n\u2022 3-Methyl-1-butanol<br \/>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"jwl_one_third last\">\u2022 3-Methyl-1-butanol<br \/>\n\u2022 Methyl cyclopentane<br \/>\n\u2022 2-Pentanol<br \/>\n\u2022 4-Pentene-1-ol<br \/>\n\u2022 1-Phenylethanol<br \/>\n\u2022 2-Phenylethanol<br \/>\n\u2022 2-Propanol (isopropanol, IPA)<br \/>\n\u2022 Tetrahydrofuran (THF)<br \/>\n\u2022 Tetrahydronaphthalene (tetralin)<br \/>\n\u2022 Vinyl ethers<br \/>\n\u2022 Other secondary alcohols<\/div><div class=\"clearboth\"><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>Hazard of Rapid Polymerization Initiated by Internally-Formed Peroxides<\/b> (Discard or test for peroxides within 6\u00a0months from opening)<\/p>\n<div class=\"jwl_one_half\">\u2022 Acrylic acid<br \/>\n\u2022 Acrylonitrile<br \/>\n\u2022 Butadiene (Diacetylene)<br \/>\n\u2022 Chloroprene (2-chloro-1,3 butadiene)<br \/>\n\u2022 Chlorotrifluoroethylene<br \/>\n\u2022 Methyl methacrylate<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"jwl_one_half last\">\u2022 Styrene<br \/>\n\u2022 Tetrafluoroethylene<br \/>\n\u2022 Vinyl acetate<br \/>\n\u2022 Vinyl cetylene<br \/>\n\u2022 Vinyl chloride<br \/>\n\u2022 Vinyl pyridine<\/div><div class=\"clearboth\"><\/div>\n<\/div><br class=\"none\" \/><br class=\"none\" \/><span class=\"collapseomatic arrowright\" id=\"id69e37b9b7aa1c\"  tabindex=\"0\" title=\"\u2022 &lt;strong&gt;Standard Operating Procedures&lt;\/strong&gt;\"    >\u2022 <strong>Standard Operating Procedures<\/strong><\/span><div id=\"target-id69e37b9b7aa1c\" class=\"collapseomatic_content \">\n<ul>\n<li>Write the Date Opened on the jar.\u00a0 Any jar found without such a date will be promptly processed for disposal.<\/li>\n<li>Purchase and use only chemicals that contain peroxide-inhibitor additives (St. Olaf recognizes that there is a limited need for small quantities of ultra-pure chemicals that do not contain peroxide-inhibiting additives).<\/li>\n<li>Purchase substances in small enough jar sizes that, when opened, will be used in less than 3 months.<\/li>\n<li>Do not return unused chemicals to the original container.<\/li>\n<li>All spills involving peroxides should be cleaned up immediately.\u00a0 Solutions of peroxides can be absorbed on vermiculite or other absorbing material.<\/li>\n<li>Inert solvents can be used to dilute peroxides, which reduces their sensitivity to shock and heat.\u00a0 Do not use aromatic solvents.<\/li>\n<li>Metal spatulas must\u00a0not be used when handling peroxides.<\/li>\n<li>Sources of heat are not allowed near peroxides.<\/li>\n<li>Avoid forms of impact near peroxides.<\/li>\n<li>Do not use chemicals that have reached their expiration date; take these substances to the Stockroom Manager for prompt stabilization and disposal.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><br class=\"none\" \/><br class=\"none\" \/><span class=\"collapseomatic arrowright\" id=\"id69e37b9b7aa5a\"  tabindex=\"0\" title=\"\u2022 &lt;strong&gt;Storage of Peroxide-Forming Chemicals&lt;\/strong&gt;\"    >\u2022 <strong>Storage of Peroxide-Forming Chemicals<\/strong><\/span><div id=\"target-id69e37b9b7aa5a\" class=\"collapseomatic_content \">\n<ul>\n<li>Store the containers in a tightly closed container.<\/li>\n<li>Label containers\u00a0with\u00a0the &#8220;Flammable&#8221; and &#8220;Exploding Bomb&#8221; GHS pictograms.<\/li>\n<li>Store in a flammables cabinet, away from light, heat, sources of ignition, oxidizers, and oxidizing acids.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><br class=\"none\" \/><br class=\"none\" \/><span class=\"collapseomatic arrowright\" id=\"id69e37b9b7aa94\"  tabindex=\"0\" title=\"\u2022 &lt;strong&gt;Testing for Peroxides&lt;\/strong&gt;\"    >\u2022 <strong>Testing for Peroxides<\/strong><\/span><div id=\"target-id69e37b9b7aa94\" class=\"collapseomatic_content \">\n<p>(Use the test strips that are kept in the Chemistry Stockroom freezer; follow the directions)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Chemicals stored in the stockrooms and the Chemical Storage Facility will be tested by the Stockrooms Managers.<\/li>\n<li>Laboratory Supervisors are responsible for testing for peroxides in their research laboratories.<\/li>\n<li><strong><em>For bottles with inhibiting agents<\/em><\/strong> added by the manufacturer:\n<ul>\n<li>Once a bottle is opened, it <em>must<\/em> be tested monthly for peroxides.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong><em>For bottles without inhibiting agents<\/em><\/strong> added by the manufacturer:\n<ul>\n<li>Once a bottle is opened, it must be <em>tested every two weeks<\/em> for peroxides.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Any jar found to have peroxide formation will have Hydroquinone or Butylated Hydroxy Toluene (BHT) added to the bottle (these are stabilizing agents), and monthly testing will continue.<\/li>\n<li>The following concentration guidelines apply:\n<ul>\n<li>If peroxide levels are &lt; 50 ppm, then the solution is still ok to use.<\/li>\n<li>If peroxide levels are \u2265 50 ppm, then the solution will be stabilized and processed for disposal<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Do not use the substance if there is any signs of crystal formation inside the jar; immediately inform the stockroom manager &amp; CHO and do not move the jar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><strong><br class=\"none\" \/>Pyrophorics; Self-Heating; Emits Flammable Gases<\/strong><\/h3>\n<span class=\"collapseomatic arrowright\" id=\"id69e37b9b7aacc\"  tabindex=\"0\" title=\"\u2022 &lt;strong&gt;Definition and Other Important Information&lt;\/strong&gt;\"    >\u2022 <strong>Definition and Other Important Information<\/strong><\/span><div id=\"target-id69e37b9b7aacc\" class=\"collapseomatic_content \">\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Pyrophorics. \u00a0<\/strong>A liquid or solid which, even in small quantities, is liable to ignite within five minutes after coming into contact with air. \u00a0Examples of pyrophorics include many finely divided metals, metal hydrides, alloys of reactive metals, low-valent metal salts and iron sulfides<\/li>\n<li><strong>Self-Heating.<\/strong> \u00a0A solid or liquid chemical, other than a pyrophoric, which, by reaction with air and without energy supply, is liable to self-heat; this chemical differs from a pyrophoric liquid or solid in that it will ignite only when in large amounts (kilograms) and after long periods of time (hours or days).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Chemicals, Which in Contact with Water, Emit Flammable Gases.<\/strong>\u00a0 A solid or liquid chemical which, by interaction with water, is\u00a0liable to become spontaneously flammable or to give off flammable gases in dangerous quantities.\n<ul>\n<li>Many of these substances have been traditionally referred to as &#8220;Water Reactives&#8221; (e.g.,\u00a0alkali metals, many organometallics, some hydrides, some anhydrous metal hydrides, nonmetal oxides and halides). \u00a0Typically these materials result in a large evolution of heat when in contact with water, decompose in moist air and may violently decompose in liquid water.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><br class=\"none\" \/><br class=\"none\" \/><span class=\"collapseomatic arrowright\" id=\"id69e37b9b7ab04\"  tabindex=\"0\" title=\"\u2022 &lt;strong&gt;Examples&lt;\/strong&gt;\"    >\u2022 <strong>Examples<\/strong><\/span><div id=\"target-id69e37b9b7ab04\" class=\"collapseomatic_content \">\n<\/div><br class=\"none\" \/><br class=\"none\" \/><span class=\"collapseomatic arrowright\" id=\"id69e37b9b7ab3c\"  tabindex=\"0\" title=\"\u2022 &lt;strong&gt;Standard Operating Procedures&lt;\/strong&gt;\"    >\u2022 <strong>Standard Operating Procedures<\/strong><\/span><div id=\"target-id69e37b9b7ab3c\" class=\"collapseomatic_content \">\n<ul>\n<li>Avoid contact with air or water;\u00a0store in air-tight containers in a dark, cool, dry place.<\/li>\n<li>Work in inert environments (pyrophorics).<\/li>\n<li>Store pyrophorics in inert environments and away from flammables.<\/li>\n<li>The Class D fire extinguisher (in Chemistry Stockroom Office) must be readily available.<\/li>\n<li>Pyrophorics should be labeled, dated and inventoried when received.\u00a0 The label should state:\u00a0 DANGER! PYROPHORIC MATERIAL HIGHLY REACTIVE.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><strong><br class=\"none\" \/>Self-Reactives<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/h3>\n<span class=\"collapseomatic arrowright\" id=\"id69e37b9b7ab74\"  tabindex=\"0\" title=\"\u2022 &lt;strong&gt;Definition and Other Important Information&lt;\/strong&gt;\"    >\u2022 <strong>Definition and Other Important Information<\/strong><\/span><div id=\"target-id69e37b9b7ab74\" class=\"collapseomatic_content \">\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Hazard Communication Standard (29CFR 1910.1200): \u00a0<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Thermally unstable liquid or solid chemicals liable to undergo a strongly exothermic decomposition even without participation of oxygen (air). \u00a0This definition excludes chemicals classified under this section as explosives, organic peroxides, oxidizing liquids or oxidizing solids. A self-reactive chemical is regarded as possessing explosive properties when in laboratory testing the formulation is liable to detonate, to deflagrate rapidly or to show a violent effect when heated under confinement.<\/li>\n<li><strong>GHS Hazard Categories, Signal Words, and Hazard Statements<\/strong>\u00a0are summarized\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/wp.stolaf.edu\/chemical-hygiene\/files\/2015\/08\/GHS-Classes-Categories_Physical.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">in this table<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Detailed descriptions are found in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.osha.gov\/dsg\/hazcom\/hazcom-appendix-b.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Appendix B of 1910.1200<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- begin-migrated-from-panel-builder --><!-- end-migrated-from-panel-builder --><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Flammables (Liquids, Aerosols, Gases, Solids) Organic Peroxides and Peroxide Forming Substances Pyrophorics; Self-Heating; Emits Flammable Gases Self-Reactives<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":156,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4082","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.stolaf.edu\/chemical-hygiene\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4082","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.stolaf.edu\/chemical-hygiene\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.stolaf.edu\/chemical-hygiene\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.stolaf.edu\/chemical-hygiene\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/156"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.stolaf.edu\/chemical-hygiene\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4082"}],"version-history":[{"count":26,"href":"https:\/\/wp.stolaf.edu\/chemical-hygiene\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4082\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5625,"href":"https:\/\/wp.stolaf.edu\/chemical-hygiene\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4082\/revisions\/5625"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.stolaf.edu\/chemical-hygiene\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4082"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}