Supporting Suvivors
Creating an environment that supports survivors of interpersonal violence is important to preventing harm. If someone discloses that they experienced interpersonal violence, please be sure to BELIEVE THEM, avoid judgment, offer appropriate resources, and follow-up. Support can include offering resources (such as reporting to the police, seeking medical care, or contacting a crisis counseling center), but often the best form of support you can offer is a listening ear and affirmation.
This page explores some specific steps you can take to support survivors.
More Resources
Victim or Survivor?
A frequent question is “Should I use the term victim or survivor?” The best way to be respectful is to ask for their preference.
The term “survivor” refers to someone who is in the recovery process, or when discussing the short- or long-term effects of sexual violence. When in doubt, use the term survivor.
The term “victim” when referring to someone who has recently been affected by sexual violence; when discussing a particular crime; or when referring to aspects of the criminal justice system.
6 steps to Supporting Survivors
1. Listen.
Sometimes you don’t even need words (or at least, a lot of words), to be there for someone. Many people share that just being able to tell their story to someone else lessens the weight of isolation, secrecy and self-blame. Remember, listening in and of itself is an act of love.
2. Validate.
Think about a time when you felt vulnerable or faced a crisis, and think of what helped you the most. Chances are that it was not a specific conversation that you had, but it was the knowledge and comfort the person or people you told were there for you, believed in you, were on your side and were committed to supporting you through a hard time.
“I’m so sorry this happened to you.”
“I believe you.”
“This is not your fault.”
“You’re not alone. I’m here for you and I’m glad you told me.”
Often times, a survivor may feel like what happened to them is their fault. We are bombarded with victim-blaming myths and attitudes in our society, and they can sink in…deeply. But no action excuses a person hurting someone else. Violence and abuse is never the victim’s fault. That responsibility and shame lies with the perpetrator. It can be helpful to communicate that gently and repeatedly.
“Nothing you did or could’ve done differently makes this your fault.”
“The responsibility is on the person who hurt you.”
“No one ever has the right to hurt you.”
“I promise, you didn’t ask for this.”
“I know that it can feel like you did something wrong, but you didn’t.”
“It doesn’t matter if you did or didn’t _______. No one asks to be hurt in this way.”
3. Ask how you can support.
Violence and abuse are about power and control. It is vital for survivors to regain their sense of personal power and agency. Instead of pushing someone into taking actions for which they are not ready, ask how you can support them.
4. Know where to point someone to for more help.
You can best help the survivor by offering options and leaving space for them to decide where to go from there. Here are some national resources—services that can point someone to local resources in your area.
HOPE Center- Faribault, MN
1.800.607.2330 | https://hopecentermn.org/
National Domestic Violence Hotline
1.800.799.7233 | www.ndvh.org
Sexual Assault Resource Network (SARN), St. Olaf Advocates
call or text 507.649.3367 |https://pages.stolaf.edu/sarn/
St. Olaf Title IX Immediate Help List
5. Keep an open heart.
Remind them that you are available should they like to talk about their experiences further. The healing journey can be a long one, full of many challenging—but sometimes joyful and liberating—conversations. Knowing that you are there to support along the way can make a big difference for someone.
6. Finally, care for yourself.
There is a limit to what we are able to take in and process. The stories of someone else’s hardships related to a traumatic event can impact or become a part of us. This experience of second-hand trauma—often called vicarious trauma—is a human response to coming face-to-face with the reality of trauma and the difficulties of the human experience.
It’s important to care for yourself as you support another person. You cannot be your best self in your supportive role if you find yourself too tired to listen with care and compassion, or overfilled with your own emotions in response to another’s trauma. These feelings are totally valid. Take some time after a conversation to enjoy the outdoors, or do a healthy activity that makes you feel good as a way of re-centering yourself. We have more ideas on how to mitigate vicarious trauma here.
Remember, you can be your best self for someone else when you give yourself the space to honor your own needs.
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